Category: General

Multimed Man Cardiothorac Surg. 2024 Sep 11;2024. doi: 10.1510/mmcts.2024.038.

ABSTRACT

In treating aortic root diseases, the Bentall procedure offers reliable and stable results. However, it requires a prosthetic valved conduit, which presents inherent challenges due to the need for anticoagulation. The Ozaki procedure, which uses pericardium for aortic valve neocuspidization, is an alternative to prosthetic valves and does not need anticoagulation. We developed a surgical technique combining the Bentall and Ozaki procedures to treat patients with aortic root disease, which we describe in this article. Because the risk of bleeding due to anticoagulation after prosthetic valve replacement was a concern, we combined the Bentall and Ozaki procedures with a graft conduit using bovine pericardial patch neocuspidization. Postoperative echocardiography showed a competent aortic valve with no regurgitation. We believe that this novel procedure provides hope for a more adaptable and patient-friendly option.

PMID:39258523 | DOI:10.1510/mmcts.2024.038

Front Vet Sci. 2024 Sep 2;11:1435395. doi: 10.3389/fvets.2024.1435395. eCollection 2024.

ABSTRACT

This review article describes the roles of ultrasound in assessing thoracic and abdominal infectious diseases, mainly bacterial and parasitic ones that affect farm animals, including cattle, camels, sheep, and goats. Ultrasonography is a non-invasive imaging technique used to diagnose infectious diseases affecting the cardiovascular, respiratory, digestive, urinary, and hepatobiliary systems. In cases of thoracic and abdominal infections, ultrasound typically reveals abnormalities in echogenicity and echotexture, the presence of unusual artifacts, and mass formation exerting pressure on surrounding structures. Inflammatory and degenerative changes within the viscera can be identified ultrasonographically by comparing the echogenicity of affected areas with that of the surrounding normal parenchyma, such as in fascioliasis. Bacterial and parasitic infections often result in capsular mass lesions with anechoic contents, as observed in hydatid cysts and cysticercosis, or varying echogenic contents, as observed in liver abscesses. Effusions within the pericardium, pleura, and peritoneum are common ultrasonographic findings in infectious thoracic and abdominal diseases. However, these effusions’ echogenicity does not always allow for clear differentiation between transudates and exudates. The routine use of ultrasonography in the evaluation of the chest and abdomen in affected or suspected ruminants is highly beneficial for detection, guiding therapeutic decisions, assessing prognosis, and aiding in the eradication of highly contagious diseases that cause significant economic losses.

PMID:39286596 | PMC:PMC11402809 | DOI:10.3389/fvets.2024.1435395