Category: General

J Mater Sci Mater Med. 2025 Dec 9;37(1):2. doi: 10.1007/s10856-025-06970-8.

ABSTRACT

Combining decellularized biological scaffolds with PRP can prevent the rapid inactivation of growth factors and achieve their controlled and sustained release during tissue regeneration. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to evaluate the combined effect of decellularized bovine pericardium (dBP) and leukocyte-rich platelet-rich plasma (LR-PRP) on the bone repair in a rabbit femoral defect model. Bovine pericardium was decellularized using the Trypsin-Triton X-SDS protocol and histologically assessed. Unicortical bone defects were surgically created in the femur of rabbits (n = 6) and randomly assigned to three treatment allocations: (1) untreated control, (2) LR-PRP, and (3) LR-PRP + dBP-treated defects. Bone defect healing was evaluated using quantitative computed tomography (CT) and histopathological analyses. The dBP achieved 99.2% nucleus removal, retained about 34.3% of the sulfated glycosaminoglycan, and maintained a collagen content similar to the native pericardia. The CT voxel values of the defects treated with the LR-PRP + dBP increased by +33.2% and +56.2% at 2 and 4 weeks after surgery, respectively, compared to the control defects. As well, a significant rise in the CT values was observed in the LR-PRP + dBP treatment compared to the LR-PRP treatment alone at 2 weeks (p = 0.03) and 4 weeks (p = 0.02). Histopathologically, the LR-PRP + dBP treatment achieved higher bone repair scores with a significantly higher nascent bone area fraction (87.8%) compared to the LR-PRP (54%). These findings highlight the synergistic effect of dBP and LR-PRP, offering promising prospects in developing biocompatible scaffolds for enhancing bone repair.

PMID:41364201 | PMC:PMC12714762 | DOI:10.1007/s10856-025-06970-8

J Surg Case Rep. 2026 Jan 2;2026(1):rjaf1025. doi: 10.1093/jscr/rjaf1025. eCollection 2026 Jan.

ABSTRACT

We report a 70-year-old woman (body surface area 1.42 m²) undergoing redo double valve replacement with extensive annular enlargement using the Commando procedure. Thirteen years earlier, she received aortic valve replacement (St. Jude Medical 19 mm), mitral repair (Physio Ring 24 mm), and tricuspid annuloplasty. She presented with progressive heart failure; echocardiography showed severe mitral stenosis (mitral valve area 0.96 cm²) and moderate aortic stenosis with moderate paravalvular leak. To avert patient-prosthesis mismatch (PPM), both annuli were enlarged with bovine pericardium, permitting implantation of an Epic 27 mm mitral and an Inspiris 23 mm aortic bioprosthesis. Postoperative echocardiography demonstrated excellent hemodynamics (aortic effective orifice area 1.76 cm², mean gradient 6 mmHg; mitral mean gradient 3 mmHg). Recovery was uneventful, and she remains asymptomatic. Commando surgery enabled safe, simultaneous enlargement of both annuli, minimizing PPM, and preserving options for future valve-in-valve therapy.

PMID:41487892 | PMC:PMC12757946 | DOI:10.1093/jscr/rjaf1025

J Mater Sci Mater Med. 2025 Dec 9;37(1):2. doi: 10.1007/s10856-025-06970-8.

ABSTRACT

Combining decellularized biological scaffolds with PRP can prevent the rapid inactivation of growth factors and achieve their controlled and sustained release during tissue regeneration. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to evaluate the combined effect of decellularized bovine pericardium (dBP) and leukocyte-rich platelet-rich plasma (LR-PRP) on the bone repair in a rabbit femoral defect model. Bovine pericardium was decellularized using the Trypsin-Triton X-SDS protocol and histologically assessed. Unicortical bone defects were surgically created in the femur of rabbits (n = 6) and randomly assigned to three treatment allocations: (1) untreated control, (2) LR-PRP, and (3) LR-PRP + dBP-treated defects. Bone defect healing was evaluated using quantitative computed tomography (CT) and histopathological analyses. The dBP achieved 99.2% nucleus removal, retained about 34.3% of the sulfated glycosaminoglycan, and maintained a collagen content similar to the native pericardia. The CT voxel values of the defects treated with the LR-PRP + dBP increased by +33.2% and +56.2% at 2 and 4 weeks after surgery, respectively, compared to the control defects. As well, a significant rise in the CT values was observed in the LR-PRP + dBP treatment compared to the LR-PRP treatment alone at 2 weeks (p = 0.03) and 4 weeks (p = 0.02). Histopathologically, the LR-PRP + dBP treatment achieved higher bone repair scores with a significantly higher nascent bone area fraction (87.8%) compared to the LR-PRP (54%). These findings highlight the synergistic effect of dBP and LR-PRP, offering promising prospects in developing biocompatible scaffolds for enhancing bone repair.

PMID:41364201 | PMC:PMC12714762 | DOI:10.1007/s10856-025-06970-8

J Mater Sci Mater Med. 2025 Dec 9;37(1):2. doi: 10.1007/s10856-025-06970-8.

ABSTRACT

Combining decellularized biological scaffolds with PRP can prevent the rapid inactivation of growth factors and achieve their controlled and sustained release during tissue regeneration. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to evaluate the combined effect of decellularized bovine pericardium (dBP) and leukocyte-rich platelet-rich plasma (LR-PRP) on the bone repair in a rabbit femoral defect model. Bovine pericardium was decellularized using the Trypsin-Triton X-SDS protocol and histologically assessed. Unicortical bone defects were surgically created in the femur of rabbits (n = 6) and randomly assigned to three treatment allocations: (1) untreated control, (2) LR-PRP, and (3) LR-PRP + dBP-treated defects. Bone defect healing was evaluated using quantitative computed tomography (CT) and histopathological analyses. The dBP achieved 99.2% nucleus removal, retained about 34.3% of the sulfated glycosaminoglycan, and maintained a collagen content similar to the native pericardia. The CT voxel values of the defects treated with the LR-PRP + dBP increased by +33.2% and +56.2% at 2 and 4 weeks after surgery, respectively, compared to the control defects. As well, a significant rise in the CT values was observed in the LR-PRP + dBP treatment compared to the LR-PRP treatment alone at 2 weeks (p = 0.03) and 4 weeks (p = 0.02). Histopathologically, the LR-PRP + dBP treatment achieved higher bone repair scores with a significantly higher nascent bone area fraction (87.8%) compared to the LR-PRP (54%). These findings highlight the synergistic effect of dBP and LR-PRP, offering promising prospects in developing biocompatible scaffolds for enhancing bone repair.

PMID:41364201 | PMC:PMC12714762 | DOI:10.1007/s10856-025-06970-8

Acta Biomater. 2026 Jan;210:82-94. doi: 10.1016/j.actbio.2025.11.046. Epub 2025 Nov 26.

ABSTRACT

Aortic stenosis (AS) is characterised by the narrowing and stiffening of the aortic valve, which restricts blood flow from the heart to the rest of the body. Severe AS is a life-threatening condition which affects 1.48 % of individuals aged 55 and older, with a four-year mortality rate of 44.9 % if left untreated. Minimally invasive treatment for AS involves the implantation of a bioprosthetic valve with porcine or bovine pericardium leaflets, which frequently succumb to failure due to regurgitation or stenosis caused in part by calcification and structural damage. The relationship between these two durability-limiting processes is debated, and the influence of device crimping on both factors is not comprehensively understood. This study aims to explore the relationship between calcification and structural damage and determine if device crimping affects these processes. First, porcine pericardium (PP) tissue was exposed to either in vitro calcification in unloaded conditions (calcification) or cyclic bulge loading in saline, without calcification (structural damage). Subsequently, PP was simultaneously calcified and cyclically loaded for 30 million cycles. Simultaneous calcification and loading led to dramatically increased calcification and structural damage, including tissue rupture. Device crimping was not found to have a significant impact on calcification or structural damage. However, fibre architecture was found to affect rupture location, and dramatically affect the rate of rupture of PP. This finding has implications for future bioprosthetic valve leaflet anti-calcification strategies, where tissue mechanics influenced by the underlying tissue fibre architecture should be considered to minimise both structural damage and calcification. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Porcine pericardium (PP) is a commonly used biomaterial, most frequently in the leaflets of bioprosthetic valves. These devices frequently succumb to failure due to regurgitation or stenosis caused in part by calcification and structural damage of their leaflets. This work shows that calcification and structural damage work together to accelerate failure of PP, with dramatically increased calcification and structural damage of PP, including rupture, when the tissue is exposed to both simultaneously. Fibre architecture of PP was found to affect rupture location, and dramatically affect rate of rupture. This finding has implications for bioprosthetic leaflet durability, where tissue mechanics influenced by the underlying tissue fibre architecture should be considered to minimise both structural damage and calcification and maximise valve durability.

PMID:41314445 | DOI:10.1016/j.actbio.2025.11.046

Acta Biomater. 2025 Nov 26:S1742-7061(25)00882-7. doi: 10.1016/j.actbio.2025.11.046. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

Aortic stenosis (AS) is characterised by the narrowing and stiffening of the aortic valve, which restricts blood flow from the heart to the rest of the body. Severe AS is a life-threatening condition which affects 1.48 % of individuals aged 55 and older, with a four-year mortality rate of 44.9 % if left untreated. Minimally invasive treatment for AS involves the implantation of a bioprosthetic valve with porcine or bovine pericardium leaflets, which frequently succumb to failure due to regurgitation or stenosis caused in part by calcification and structural damage. The relationship between these two durability-limiting processes is debated, and the influence of device crimping on both factors is not comprehensively understood. This study aims to explore the relationship between calcification and structural damage and determine if device crimping affects these processes. First, porcine pericardium (PP) tissue was exposed to either in vitro calcification in unloaded conditions (calcification) or cyclic bulge loading in saline, without calcification (structural damage). Subsequently, PP was simultaneously calcified and cyclically loaded for 30 million cycles. Simultaneous calcification and loading led to dramatically increased calcification and structural damage, including tissue rupture. Device crimping was not found to have a significant impact on calcification or structural damage. However, fibre architecture was found to affect rupture location, and dramatically affect the rate of rupture of PP. This finding has implications for future bioprosthetic valve leaflet anti-calcification strategies, where tissue mechanics influenced by the underlying tissue fibre architecture should be considered to minimise both structural damage and calcification. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Porcine pericardium (PP) is a commonly used biomaterial, most frequently in the leaflets of bioprosthetic valves. These devices frequently succumb to failure due to regurgitation or stenosis caused in part by calcification and structural damage of their leaflets. This work shows that calcification and structural damage work together to accelerate failure of PP, with dramatically increased calcification and structural damage of PP, including rupture, when the tissue is exposed to both simultaneously. Fibre architecture of PP was found to affect rupture location, and dramatically affect rate of rupture. This finding has implications for bioprosthetic leaflet durability, where tissue mechanics influenced by the underlying tissue fibre architecture should be considered to minimise both structural damage and calcification and maximise valve durability.

PMID:41314445 | DOI:10.1016/j.actbio.2025.11.046

BMC Cardiovasc Disord. 2025 Nov 24;25(1):830. doi: 10.1186/s12872-025-05332-0.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Purulent pericarditis has become rare in the antibiotic era, particularly when complicated by secondary infections such as an aortic pseudoaneurysm.

CASE PRESENTATION: We report a 46-year-old man who presented with persistent chest pain and cold sweats for three days. Imaging revealed a large pericardial effusion, and cultures grew methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus(MRSA). The patient underwent partial pericardiectomy with delayed sternal closure and open irrigation. On day 23, he developed right shoulder pain, and imaging revealed a pseudoaneurysm of the ascending aorta. Thoracic endovascular aortic repair combined with bovine pericardial patch repair was performed. He survived and remained stable during a 13-month outpatient follow-up.

CONCLUSION: Given the potential for fatal outcomes, clinicians should maintain a high index of suspicion and initiate prompt management, despite the rarity of this complication.

PMID:41286644 | PMC:PMC12642142 | DOI:10.1186/s12872-025-05332-0

Interdiscip Cardiovasc Thorac Surg. 2025 Nov 6;40(12):ivaf275. doi: 10.1093/icvts/ivaf275.

ABSTRACT

Root enlargement via traditional transverse or oblique aortotomy disrupts the anatomical features of smooth continuity and symmetry from the aortic root to the proximal ascending aorta. A straight longitudinal aortotomy, extended vertically into nadir of noncoronary aortic annulus, achieves smooth continuity and symmetrical enlargement from the aortic root to the proximal ascending aorta with a tear-drop-shaped bovine pericardial patch. Herein, we report successful symmetrical root enlargement following straight longitudinal aortotomy via right anterior minithoracotomy.

PMID:41270797 | PMC:PMC12668772 | DOI:10.1093/icvts/ivaf275

JACC Case Rep. 2025 Oct 29;30(34):105585. doi: 10.1016/j.jaccas.2025.105585.

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To describe the case of a 52-year-old man who developed severe mitral regurgitation 4 years after undergoing aortic valve replacement, maze procedure, and mitral vegetation removal during surgery for infective endocarditis; the mitral regurgitation was due to a perforation of the anterior mitral leaflet (A2) identified on transthoracic echocardiography.

KEY STEPS: Key procedural steps included: 1) right minithoracotomy access; 2) adhesiolysis and wedge resection of pleural perforations; 3) leaflet perforation repair with bovine pericardial patch; and 4) annuloplasty ring implantation.

POTENTIAL PITFALLS: Patch repair can fail if the patch is undersized, poorly positioned, or not well integrated, leading to residual regurgitation or early breakdown. Anterior leaflet repairs also carry a risk of systolic anterior motion, and prior surgery may complicate access owing to adhesions.

TAKE-HOME MESSAGES: Mitral valve repair using a pericardial patch is a reasonable option for anterior leaflet perforation, even in complex reoperative settings. Early recognition and a tailored, minimally invasive approach may offer favorable outcomes in selected patients.

PMID:41173632 | PMC:PMC12665858 | DOI:10.1016/j.jaccas.2025.105585

Acta Biomater. 2025 Nov 26:S1742-7061(25)00882-7. doi: 10.1016/j.actbio.2025.11.046. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

Aortic stenosis (AS) is characterised by the narrowing and stiffening of the aortic valve, which restricts blood flow from the heart to the rest of the body. Severe AS is a life-threatening condition which affects 1.48 % of individuals aged 55 and older, with a four-year mortality rate of 44.9 % if left untreated. Minimally invasive treatment for AS involves the implantation of a bioprosthetic valve with porcine or bovine pericardium leaflets, which frequently succumb to failure due to regurgitation or stenosis caused in part by calcification and structural damage. The relationship between these two durability-limiting processes is debated, and the influence of device crimping on both factors is not comprehensively understood. This study aims to explore the relationship between calcification and structural damage and determine if device crimping affects these processes. First, porcine pericardium (PP) tissue was exposed to either in vitro calcification in unloaded conditions (calcification) or cyclic bulge loading in saline, without calcification (structural damage). Subsequently, PP was simultaneously calcified and cyclically loaded for 30 million cycles. Simultaneous calcification and loading led to dramatically increased calcification and structural damage, including tissue rupture. Device crimping was not found to have a significant impact on calcification or structural damage. However, fibre architecture was found to affect rupture location, and dramatically affect the rate of rupture of PP. This finding has implications for future bioprosthetic valve leaflet anti-calcification strategies, where tissue mechanics influenced by the underlying tissue fibre architecture should be considered to minimise both structural damage and calcification. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Porcine pericardium (PP) is a commonly used biomaterial, most frequently in the leaflets of bioprosthetic valves. These devices frequently succumb to failure due to regurgitation or stenosis caused in part by calcification and structural damage of their leaflets. This work shows that calcification and structural damage work together to accelerate failure of PP, with dramatically increased calcification and structural damage of PP, including rupture, when the tissue is exposed to both simultaneously. Fibre architecture of PP was found to affect rupture location, and dramatically affect rate of rupture. This finding has implications for bioprosthetic leaflet durability, where tissue mechanics influenced by the underlying tissue fibre architecture should be considered to minimise both structural damage and calcification and maximise valve durability.

PMID:41314445 | DOI:10.1016/j.actbio.2025.11.046